Zyflamend™

Our assessments of evidence for each medical benefit fall into one of these categories:

• Strong evidence: consistent, significant effects in several large (or at least one very large) well designed clinical studies or at least two meta-analysesa statistical analysis that combines the results of two or more research studies; the results of smaller research studies addressing the same or similar questions can be analyzed as though they are one bigger, more powerful study of clinical studies of moderate or better quality (or one large meta-analysis) finding similar results
• Good evidence: significant effects in one large or several mid-sized and well-designed clinical studies ( randomized controlled trialsa study design in which people are randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group to compare the outcomes from different treatments; an RCT is considered a strong design for determining a therapy’s effects with an appropriate placebo or other strong comparison control or observational studies that control for confounds)
• Modest evidence: significant effects in at least three small but well-designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs), or one or more well-designed, mid-sized clinical studies of reasonably good quality (RCTs or observationala type of study in which individuals are observed or certain outcomes are measured, but no attempt is made to affect the outcome (for example, no treatment is given); an example is a study that records people’s diets, but doesn’t try to alter their diets, and looks for patterns of disease or other outcomes related to different foods studies), or several small studies aggregated into a meta-analysis
• Preliminary evidence: significant effects in small or poorly designed clinical studies OR conflicting results in adequate studies but a preponderance of evidence of an effect
• Weak evidence: one or more case studies, supported by animal evidence OR small treatment effects of limited clinical significance OR studies with no controls OR weak trends of effects
• Insufficient evidence: preclinical evidence only OR clinical studies with such poor or unclear methodology that no conclusion can be drawn OR conflicting findings across clinical studies with no preponderance of evidence in one direction; conflicting evidence occurs when studies find conflicting effects (positive effect vs no effect or negative effect) with the same treatment and the same general study population (same cancer type, for example)

Learn more about how we research and rate therapies and practices in How We Rate Therapies ›

• Dramatically lower prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels for more than 2 years in a man with castration-resistant prostate cancer and exponentially increasing PSA levels after previous radical prostatectomy and salvage radiation therapy and current hormone ablative therapy and treated with Zyflamend for a year in a case studya descriptive and exploratory analysis of a person, group, or event regarding changes observed over time; because changes due to treatment are not compared to similar changes over time without treatment, a case study is considered a weak study design¹Bilen MA, Lin SH et al. Maintenance therapy containing metformin and/or Zyflamend for advanced prostate cancer: a case series. Case Reports in Oncological Medicine. 2015;2015:471861.

• Dramatically lower PSA levels in a man with recurrent castration-resistant prostate cancer and increasing PSA levels after radical prostatectomy, salvage radiation therapy, and bilateral orchiectomy treated with Zyflamend and metformin for 6 months in a case studya descriptive and exploratory analysis of a person, group, or event regarding changes observed over time; because changes due to treatment are not compared to similar changes over time without treatment, a case study is considered a weak study design²Bilen MA, Lin SH et al. Maintenance therapy containing metformin and/or Zyflamend for advanced prostate cancer: a case series. Case Reports in Oncological Medicine. 2015;2015:471861.

• No evidence of an effect on testosterone levels among men with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) treated with Zyflamend for 18 months compared to baseline in a small uncontrolled triala study in which a therapy is used, but without a comparison group against which to judge outcomes; an uncontrolled trial is considered a weak study design³Capodice JL, Gorroochurn P et al. Zyflamend in men with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia: results of a phase I clinical trial. Journal of the Society for Integrative Oncology. 2009 Spring;7(2):43-51.

• Lower markers of inflammation (serum C-reactive protein and NF-kappaB) among men with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) treated with Zyflamend for 18 months compared to baseline in a small uncontrolled triala study in which a therapy is used, but without a comparison group against which to judge outcomes; an uncontrolled trial is considered a weak study design⁴Capodice JL, Gorroochurn P et al. Zyflamend in men with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia: results of a phase I clinical trial. Journal of the Society for Integrative Oncology. 2009 Spring;7(2):43-51.

• Less arthritic pain and better well-being in a man with castration-resistant prostate cancer and exponentially increasing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels at 4.5 after previous radical prostatectomy and salvage radiation therapy and current hormone ablative therapy treated with Zyflamend in a case studya descriptive and exploratory analysis of a person, group, or event regarding changes observed over time; because changes due to treatment are not compared to similar changes over time without treatment, a case study is considered a weak study design⁵Bilen MA, Lin SH et al. Maintenance therapy containing metformin and/or Zyflamend for advanced prostate cancer: a case series. Case Reports in Oncological Medicine. 2015;2015:471861.

• Lower PSA among 48% of men with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) treated with Zyflamend for 18 months compared to baseline in a small uncontrolled triala study in which a therapy is used, but without a comparison group against which to judge outcomes; an uncontrolled trial is considered a weak study design⁶Capodice JL, Gorroochurn P et al. Zyflamend in men with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia: results of a phase I clinical trial. Journal of the Society for Integrative Oncology. 2009 Spring;7(2):43-51.
• Reversal of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and stable PSA levels in a man with HGPIN and elevated PSA treated with Zyflamend 3 times a day for 18 months compared to baseline in a case studya descriptive and exploratory analysis of a person, group, or event regarding changes observed over time; because changes due to treatment are not compared to similar changes over time without treatment, a case study is considered a weak study design⁷Rafailov S, Cammack S, Stone B, Katz A. The role of Zyflamend, an herbal anti-inflammatory, as a potential chemopreventive agent against prostate cancer: a case report. Integrative Cancer Therapies. 2007;6(1):74-76.