Your Prostate Cancer Handbook

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Clinical practice guidelines for professionals

Guidance for cancer as a whole (not specific to prostate cancer)

Develop a plan for regular physical activity and healthy nutrition.

Nutrition

• All survivors should be encouraged to limit red meat intake to <18 oz per week and avoid processed meat.
• All survivors should be encouraged to limit refined sugars and processed foods.
• All survivors should be encouraged to eat a diet that is at least 50% plant-based, with the majority of food being vegetables, fruit, and whole grains.
• Recommended sources of dietary components: 1) Fat: plant sources such as olive or canola oil, avocados, seeds and nuts, and fatty fish 2) Carbohydrates: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes 3) Protein: poultry, fish, legumes, low-fat dairy foods, and nuts

Physical activity

• Physical activity and exercise recommendations should be tailored to individual survivor’s abilities and preferences
• Physical activity for cancer survivors:a 1) Overall volume of weekly activity should be at least 150–300 minutes of moderate-intensity activity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity activity or equivalent combination spread out over the course of the week. 2) Two to three sessions per week of strength/resistance training that include major muscle groups 3) Stretch major muscle groups at least two days per week on days that other exercises are performed
• Engage in general physical activity daily (eg, taking the stairs, parking in the back of parking lot). Physical activity includes exercise, daily routine activities, and recreational activities
• Avoid prolonged sedentary behavior (eg, sitting for long periods)
• Set incremental goals for physical activity.

Body weight

• All survivors should be encouraged to track calorie intake. Self-monitoring of caloric intake has been shown to be an effective strategy for weight management. 
• Weight gain should be a priority for underweight survivors.
• Weight loss should be a priority for overweight/obese survivors.
• Weight maintenance should be a priority for normal weight survivors.

Alcohol

• All survivors should be encouraged to minimize alcohol intake. Alcohol is high in calories, leads to poorer food choices, and is associated with elevated risk for several cancers. 
• All survivors should be encouraged to limit intake to no more than one drink per day for a woman and two drinks per day for a man.

Tobacco

• Avoid use or stop using cigarette/tobacco products.

Sun safety

• Utilize a sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30 that protects against UVA and UVB rays and is water resistant.
• Apply sunscreen generously and reapply every 2 hours or after swimming/excessive sweating.
• Consider using physical barriers whenever possible (ie, hats, shirts with sleeves, avoiding direct sun during peak hours).
• Avoid tanning beds.

Medical care

• Follow up with PCP regularly. Adhere to age-appropriate and treatment-associated health screening, preventive measures (SIMIN-1), and cancer screening recommendations

Supplements

• Supplement use is not recommended for most survivors, except in instances of documented deficiencies, inadequate diet, or comorbid indications (eg, osteoporosis, ophthamologic disorders, cirrhosis).